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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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| Mather, David; Donovan, Cynthia; Jayne, Thomas S.; Weber, Michael T.; Chapoto, Antony; Mazhangara, Edward; Bailey, Linda; Yoo, Kyeongwon; Yamano, Takashi; Mghenyi, Elliot W.. |
| This paper summarizes and synthesizes across the results of a set of country studies on the effects of prime-age adult mortality on rural households in Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, and Zambia. Each study is based on large representative rural household surveys. These findings have implications for the design of efforts to mitigate some of the most important effects of rural adult mortality, and for key development policies and priorities. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Sub-Saharan Africa; Mortality; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Health Economics and Policy; Downloads July 2008 - July 2009: 21; I11. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54571 |
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| Bolarinwa,R.A.; Ndakotsu,M.A.; Oyekunle,A.A.; Salawu,L.; Akinola,N.O.; Durosinmi,M.A.. |
| Aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), including primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma and non-endemic Burkitt's lymphoma have been recognized as AIDS-defining cancers in most developed countries. However, HIV/AIDS epidemics appear not to have been associated with higher incidence of lymphomas in Africa. We therefore carried out this study to highlight the significance or otherwise of HIV/AIDS epidemics in the pathogenesis of lymphomas in a population of Nigerians with the disease. Since January 1993 to the present, all patients with haematologic cancers are routinely screened (following appropriate counseling) for HIV infection. Patients with a histological diagnosis of malignant chronic lymphoproliferative diseases... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Lymphoma; Nigerians. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000500009 |
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| Chapoto, Antony; Jayne, Thomas S.. |
| Studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1980s generally found a positive correlation between socioeconomic characteristics such as education, income, and wealth and subsequent contraction of HIV. However, as the disease has progressed, the relationship between socioeconomic status and HIV contraction may have changed in many areas of Sub Saharan Africa, although there is little hard evidence to support this. This paper seeks to determine the ex ante socioeconomic characteristics of individuals who die between the ages of 15 to 59 years of age, using nationally representative panel data on 18,821 individuals surveyed in 2001 and 2004 in rural Zambia. The findings from this study will help policy-makers and development agencies better... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; HIV/AIDS; Socioeconomic status; Zambia; Health Economics and Policy; Q18. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54472 |
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| May,S.B.; Barroso,P.F.; Nunes,E.P.; Barcaui,H.S.; Almeida,M.M.T.; Costa,M.D.; Faulhaber,J.C.; Santoro-Lopes,G.; Schechter,M.. |
| In Brazil, HIV-infected individuals receive drugs (including non-brand name drugs which comprise locally produced generics and drugs that have not been tested in bioequivalence trials) free of charge from the government. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where non-brand drugs are widely used. For this purpose, we estimated the proportion of subjects with virologic failure (plasma HIV viral load greater than 400 copies/mL at 6 months after initiation of treatment). This was a retrospective cohort study of drug-naive HIV-infected subjects who initiated HAART. Subjects were included in the analysis if they were 18 years of age or older, were treatment... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Antiretroviral; Non-brand name drugs; Brazil; Virologic failure. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000400014 |
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| Pedral-Sampaio,Diana B.; Alves,Carmosina R.; Netto,Eduardo M.; Brites,Carlos; Oliveira,Adriano S.; Badaro,Roberto. |
| Forty-nine AIDS patients, most of who were antiretroviral therapy (ARV) naïve, with active tuberculosis, were treated with Rifampin 600mg, Isoniazid 400mg and Pirazinamide 2g daily. They also received ARV, consisting of Efavirenz (600mg/day) plus 2 NRTIs. All patients were prospectively followed for at least 24 months. Baselines were: male/female ratio 2:1, mean age 34.7 ± 9.4 yrs; weight 51 ± 9.0 kg, viral load 5.6 ± 0.6 logs, CD4 cell count 101 ± 128 cells/ mm³. Follow up mean values of data logs of VL and CD4+ cell /mm³ counts were: VL 1.7 and CD4+ 265; VL 1.3 and CD4+ 251; VL 1.4 and CD4+ 326 at 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively. Weight gain changes were: 5 ± 9.9 ± 12 and 21 ± 16 kg respectively at 6, 12 and 24 months. A non-concomitant ARV regimen was... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Tuberculosis; HIV/AIDS; Drug interaction; Rifampin; Efavirenz; Antiretroviral therapy. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702004000300004 |
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| Nankhuni, Flora J.. |
| Malawi is facing a severe HIV/AIDS Pandemic. With an estimated prevalence rate of 14.2%, it ranks eight in the world. About 900,000 Malawians were infected by 2003 and there were110,000 new infections and 87,000 deaths due to HIV/AIDS in 2003. The disease has poten tially devastating impacts. For example, 'taking children out of school' is mentioned as one of the coping mechanisms (Garbus 2003) but evidence is mixed. Doctor (2004) found no statistically significant difference between enrollment of orphans and non-orphans and mentioned an effective extended family structure as explanation. However, HIV/AIDS, poverty, macroeconomic policies, and food shortages are reported to render informal safety networks of the extended family systems irrelevant (Garbus... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Demographic Economics; Time Allocation; Malawi; Labor and Human Capital; 01; J1; J2; Human Capital; 05. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25540 |
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| Mason, Nicole M.; Chapoto, Antony; Jayne, Thomas S.; Myers, Robert J.. |
| Since the southern African food crisis of 2001/02, the ‘new-variant famine’ (NVF) hypothesis first proposed by de Waal and Whiteside (2003) has become an important part of the conventional wisdom surrounding the relationship between HIV/AIDS and food crises in the region. The NVF hypothesis suggests that HIV/AIDS is eroding agrarian livelihoods and exacerbating the effects of drought and other shocks on agrarian communities. These concepts have begun to shape the HIV/AIDS mitigation and food security policies and programs of governments and development agencies. To date, however, there is a dearth of empirical evidence to support the NVF hypothesis, and there have been no studies specifically designed to tests its predictions. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Policy; Zambia; Africa; HIV/AIDS; Crop Production/Industries; Health Economics and Policy; Q18. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54489 |
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| Mason, Nicole M.; Chapoto, Antony; Jayne, Thomas S.; Myers, Robert J.. |
| 1. Consistent with the New Variant Famine (NVF) hypothesis, the negative impact of drought on crop output and output per hectare is further exacerbated where HIV prevalence rates are relatively high, particularly in the low- and medium rainfall zones of the country (agro-ecological regions I and II). 2. HIV prevalence rates and AIDS-related mortality rates in Zambia are highest in the lowest rainfall and most drought-prone zone of the country (agro-ecological region I). 3. Only for districts in agro-ecological region I do we find evidence of a robust negative effect of HIV/AIDS on agrarian livelihood indicators. Relatively stable food production zones and/or areas with relatively low HIV prevalence rates appear to be less vulnerable to the adverse effects... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Zambia; HIV/AIDS; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q20. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54629 |
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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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